Autism

Understanding

Autism is a developmental disorder of brain function. These include social and affective functions, verbal (language) and non verbal communication, imagination, flexibility, interest, cognition and attention.
There are some behaviors that are often reported by parents with children with autism. Like the lateness of talking from children of his allegiance, indifferent and indifferent behavior, or anxiety if his son is suspected of being deaf.
Habits that are beyond this normal behavior are usually seen when a child is 3 years old. It is during these times that parents usually notice that there is something different in their child.

 

Diagnosis

Physical examination that can be found in patients with autism is the presence of symptoms of autism. A child will be examined ranging from height and and weight, until examination of the body in general to see whether there are abnormalities or not.
Some checks that the doctor will do before giving a diagnosis include:

• Child behavior checks
• Physical examination (including hearing examination)
• Advanced examination (eg chromosome examination, EEG examination, and MRI)
• Examining child development such as M-CHAT

 

Symptoms

Symptoms in children with autism usually have been seen before the child aged 3 years. Some of the symptoms that can be noticed include the lack of eye contact and no response to the environment.
If not done therapy, then after the age of 3 years of child development will stop or back. As does not recognize the voice of his parents and do not recognize his name.
Some experts reveal 3 symptoms in people with classical autism, namely:

• Social interaction disorders
• Barriers in speech and not speech communication (body language and gestures)
• Strange or very limited activity and interest.

There are also other traits commonly found in children with autism, such as:

• It's hard to join the other kids
• Laughing or giggling is out of place
• Avoid eye contact or little eye contact
• Indicates insensitivity to pain
• More like to be alone or withdraw from the association
• Do not form open personal relationships
• Fond of rotating objects or fixated on certain objects
• It depends very much on something that he knows well physically
• Active or inactive
• Does not respond to normal teaching
• Interested in similar things, unwilling to accept or experience change
• Not afraid of danger
• Glued to the odd game
• Ekolalia (repeating words or syllables)
• Will not be hugged
• Not responding to words, acting as if deaf
• Having difficulty expressing his needs through words
• Pleased to ask through hand gestures or pointing
• Irritated or annoyed blindly

Treatment

Treatment for people with autism is divided into 2 parts:

• Education to family The family has an important role in helping the child's development. After all, the parent is the closest person who can help the child to learn to communicate, behave towards the environment and the people around. You could say the family is a window for people with autism to get into the outside world. Although it should be recognized that this is not an easy thing.
• Use of drugs The use of drugs in patients with autism should be under the supervision of a doctor. This treatment is given if there is a suspected disorder in the brain that interfere with emotional centers of people with autism. This often leads to sudden emotional disturbance, aggression, hyperactivity and stereotyping. Some drugs that can be given are haloperidol (antipsychotics), fenfluramine, naltrexone (antiopiat), clompramin (reducing seizures and aggressive behavior).

Of the recent studies, the treatment for developing autism disorders is behavioral therapy. This therapy is believed to be the most important therapy.
The goal is to control or shape desired and unwanted behavior through reward and punishment systems. Giving rewards will increase the appearance of desired behavior, while punishment will decrease undesirable behavior.
Until now there has been no way to prevent the onset of autism. But there are not some ways you can do to lower the risk of autism. As:

• If you are pregnant and planning a pregnancy, you should avoid alcohol, caffeine and smoking
• If you are pregnant and planning a pregnancy, increase the consumption of high nutritious foods such as vegetables and fruits
• If you are planning a pregnancy, do regular exercise
• If you are pregnant, take regular control of your doctor

Do this if your child has been born:

• Get close With your child. Invite your child to talk, laugh, and hold your child as often as possible. You can also try to sleep with your child
• Give milk to your child, even if possible until the age of 2 years
• Give foods that are high nutritious

Cause

The exact cause of autism to date is unknown. Keep in mind that the cause of autism is not a foster parent of the parents. According to several research causes of autism, among others:

• Biochemical imbalances
• Genetic factors
• Metabolic factors
• Some unusual cases, autism is caused by viral infections (TORCH), other diseases such as phenylketonuria (enzyme deficiency disease), and X syndrome (chromosomal abnormalities).

According to a study conducted Lumbantobing (2000), the cause of autism is influenced by several factors, namely:

• Family and psychological factors Children's response to stressors from family and the environment.
• Abnormalities of the biological organs and neurology (nerves) Associated with damage to organs and nerves that cause disruption of its functions, thus causing the state of autism in patients
• Genetic factors In the results of the study found that 2-4% of siblings also suffer from the same disease.
• Immune factors Associated during pregnancy, the immune factor of the mother who can not prevent infection resulting in damage to the baby's neural network.
• Factors in pregnancy and birth
• Biochemical factors

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